Genetic diversity and conservation of forest trees in Thailand

In Thailand many economically important species are under threat due to human pressure and overexploitation. Therefore, understanding of the status of genetic resource of forest trees is imperative before any forest gene conservation can be designed. One of the fundamental requirements for conservation and use of forest tree genetic resources is understanding the biological dynamics of genetic variation within and between species. Considerable variation exists among tree species with respect to the extent of genetic diversity and the way such diversity is organised within and among populations. The extent and the pattern of this diversity are strongly dependent on the amount of genetic polymorphism, pattern of gene flow and mating system. To estimate the status of genetic resources, genetic diversity of keystone forest tree species in Thailand such as Teak (Tectona grandis), pine (Pinus merkusii and P. kesiya), mangrove trees ( Rhizophora mucornata and R. apiculata), Dipterocarp and bamboo species have been investigated by using isoenzyme genes, RAPDs (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA, AFLPs ( Amplified Polymorphic DNA), micosatellites markers and DNA sequences. According to the information provided from the mentioned study, the development of appropriate conservation strategies are discussed and suggested.